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Social security and pension system in Ecuador: Achievements and challenges

Abstract:

In the last decade, in Ecuador the government has done efforts in order to build and consolidate an universal and more inclusive social security system. This research aims to analyze the performance of social security in terms of affiliates and pensioners in Ecuador, and its evolution according to the rhythm of the economic activity in the period 1978-2016. The research design was non-experimental / bibliographic, with a descriptive study and secondary information sources taken from Ecuadorian Social Security Institute. Among the main results, we have that each percentage point of annual variation in the Gross Domestic Product is associated with an average variation of 0.87% and 0.56% in the number of members of the pension system and in the number of affiliates heads of family and compulsory general insurance, respectively. It concludes; that although the system has been more inclusive, it presents rigidity, because when the economy grows there is a lag or inability of the pension system to absorb new members, this situation becomes in fact one of the main challenges of the system facing the future.