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Spanish translation and validation of a hybrid, health-related quality of life questionnaire for chronic esophageal conditions: NEQOL-S

Abstract:

Background: Chronic esophageal conditions (CEC) are associated with significant disease-related burden, disability, and costs. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) constructs are intended to capture the physical, mental, social, and emotional aspects of a patient's life and how health status impacts these domains. The Northwestern Esophageal Quality of Life (NEQOL) can be used among esophageal diseases while maintaining sensitivity to specific conditions. We aimed to translate, cross-cultural adapt, and validate the NEQOL into Spanish. Methods: After language and cross-cultural adaptation, the NEQOL was applied to an outpatient clinic-based population in a single tertiary center. We analyzed the internal consistency, construct, criterion validity, and test–retest reliability of the questionnaire. The criterion validity was tested against the SF-12 questionnaire. Key Results: After completing the translation process, no item was considered problematic. A total of 385 patients were included in the validation study. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) for the total NEQOL-S score was 0.89. The NEQOL-S questionnaire showed moderate test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.828; 95% CI 0.755–0.881; p < 0.001). Criterion validity showed good coherence when correlated with the SF-12 survey (R2 = 0.538; 95% CI 0.491–0.585, p < 0.001). Conclusions and Inferences: The translated and cross-culturally adapted NEQOL-S showed good psychometric properties that allow its use in Spanish-speaking patients suffering from CEC.