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System of prophylactic exercises for the prevention of knee injuries in Karate Do

Abstract:

This research focused on designing a system of prophylactic exercises to prevent knee injuries. A diagnostic evaluation employed four karate teachers from the Federation of Rivers and 20 karate athletes from the 14-16-year-old category. Data collection was supported by a functional structural analysis of the knee, document review, as well as observations and interviews. The results allowed for the elaboration of a proposal submitted to the evaluation of 15 experts. Following that, the phase of empirical validation started, for which a pedagogical pre-experiment was implemented with the participation of the 14 most prominent figures of a team. The process was supported by a research hypothesis, following the logic of evaluation (pre_test), intervention-implemetation, and evaluation (post_test) of the joint range during the flexion of the knee joint and the maximum strength of the muscles surrounding it: quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves. For pre_test/post_test assessment, the normality of data needed to be determined. Therefore, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness Test of Adjustment was used (KS), which confirmed that T test for differences of means could be employed. T tests results showed a significance of changes of p = 0.001, corroborating the Hi. In conclusion, we can assume that a system of specific exercises developed from the principle of structure and function guarantees the prevention of knee injuries associated with the physical demands resulting from the execution of the kata and the Kumite.