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Temporal evolution of hydrological drought in Argentina and its relationship with macroclimatic indicators

Abstract:

This paper identifies multiannual periodicities of historical mean annual flow series of 14 rivers in Argentina and 10 macro-climatic indices using spectral analysis. The estimation of dominant frequencies in the analyzed time series allows understanding the time scale of the processes involved in the hydrological cycles. Through spectral analysis, it was found that high, low and medium frequency fluctuations contribute, in different percentages, to the flow variability. Then, these results were compared to results of similar analyses performed on time series of macro-climatic indices to calculate the relation of the evolution of these indices with flow discharge series. These results constitute an important step toward implementing conceptual and forecasting models of deficit and excess of surface water in fluvial systems for planning and management of water resources.