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The influence of simultaneous lateral graftings on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases in patients with periodontal disease: A cross-sectional analysis

Abstract:

Purpose: To assess the influence of lateral bone augmentation at implantation on the prevalence of peri-implant diseases in periodontal compromised patients. Materials and methods: In the present cross-sectional study, a total of 130 patients (n = 343 titanium implants) were evaluated. All patients had history of periodontal disease and were non-smokers. In 65 patients, lateral augmentation (test group) was performed simultaneously with implantation, and in 65 patients, implantation was performed in the residual bone (i.e. pristine sites). Clinical outcomes (i.e. modified plaque index [mPI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD]), and the frequency of peri-implant disease (i. e. according to an established case definition) was evaluated at control and test groups after a mean follow-up period of 12.12 ±7.92 years and 8.18 ± 5.65 years, respectively. Results: No significant differences were found between the groups for any of the evaluated clinical parameters. Peri-implant mucositis was diagnosed in 70.8 % and 69.2 % of the patients in control and test groups, respectively and peri-implantitis was present in 16.9 % of the patients at both control and test groups. Conclusion: The risk of peri-implant infection was not significantly influenced by initial bone lateral augmentation procedures in periodontal compromised patients.