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Trajectories of Cognitive and Motor Functional Independence in Hispanic Individuals during the 10 yrs after Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract:

Objective This study examined demographic and injury-related pbkp_redictors of cognitive and motor functional independence in Hispanics with traumatic brain injury at years 1, 2, 5, and 10 after hospital discharge. Design Hispanic participants (n = 1360) from the TBI Model Systems Study were included if they had at least one Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Cognitive and Motor score at any time point (years 1, 2, 5, or 10). Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine baseline pbkp_redictors of FIM Cognitive and Motor trajectories across this period. Results FIM Cognitive trajectories showed a quadratic movement (initial increase followed by a plateau or slight decrease), whereas FIM Motor trajectories showed a cubic movement (initial increase, followed by a plateau, then another increase). Higher FIM Cognitive trajectories were pbkp_redicted by younger age, shorter length of posttraumatic amnesia, higher education, and having experienced a nonviolent mechanism of injury. Higher FIM Motor trajectories were pbkp_redicted by younger age, shorter posttraumatic amnesia, and a nonviolent mechanism of injury. Conclusions The baseline pbkp_redictors of functional trajectories identified may help create tailored, evidence-based rehabilitation interventions along the continuum of recovery during the first 10 yrs for Hispanics with traumatic brain injury at risk for reduced functional outcomes.