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Transparency in public televisions: Development of indicators and case analysis of Spain and Chile

Abstract:

Introduction: The present research develops and suggests 29 indicators of transparency applicable to public televisions, to subsequently rehearse them experimentally with Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN) and Televisión Española (TVE). Methods: Using the analytical method, these indicators are applied to the information available on websites of TVN and TVE, to finally score their level of transparency using a 0 to 100 scale. Results: The greatest transparency is observed in relation to the production of information and access to contents, followed by economic information. The greatest opacity is related to the institutional information and information regarding the directive staff. Discussion and conclusions: The level of transparency of TVN and TVE is the same, both got a score of 62,069 over 100. Besides, the validity of indicators suggested to evaluate the level of transparency is demonstrated and to stablish equitable and objective comparisons between them, even though they should be broadened in the future.