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Using Earthquakes, T Waves, and Infrasound to Investigate the Eruption of Bogoslof Volcano, Alaska

Abstract:

The 2016–2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, a submarine stratovolcano in the Bering Sea, produced 70 discrete explosive eruptions over 8 months. With no local monitoring data, activity was seismically recorded on nearby islands 50–100 km away, limiting the detection and resolution of seismic observations. We construct a matched filter catalog of 3,199 events from 49 earthquake families, many of which occurred with hydroacoustic T waves of varying strength. We then use a 2-D finite difference model to show that hydroacoustic amplitudes should decrease with increased source depth beneath the edifice and leverage each family's seismically recorded T wave amplitude as a proxy for source depth, which we compare to regional infrasound data. This unique combination of using P and S waves to detect events, T waves as a proxy for depth, and infrasound for precise timing of emissions allows us to interpret the dynamics and evolution of the Bogoslof eruption.