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Vibrio spp. Distribution in water and sediment from ponds producing litopenaeus vannamei shrimp cultured with water from lake of Maracaibo Venezuela

Abstract:

Shrimp aquaculture is one of the most developed area of that sector around Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, being Litopenaeus vannamei, one of the species most cultivated at semi-intensive levels in farms. In recent years, shrimp diseases have reduced shrimp production. Vibrio species are responsible for bacterial diseases in shrimp farming. In this study, Vibrio species distribution in water and sediment in L. vannamei pond culture was evaluated during one culture cycle at a shrimp farm located on the shore of Lake Maracaibo. Relation between physicochemical and bacterial growth was also evaluated. Samples were taken every 15 days at three points (input, center and output), in nine ponds. Enumeration was done using TCBS agar, with identification using API® 20 NE. Results showed higher Vibrio concentration in sediments. The most prevalent Vibrio species was V. parahaemolyticus, followed by V. fluvialis, V. mimicus, and V. alginolyticus. Presence of Vibrio species, particularly V. parahaemolyticus, showed the importance of surveillance on shrimp ponds in order to control any problem on them. There was no significant correlation between physicochemical and Vibrio presence in the samples.