The largest explosive eruption (VEI 6) in historical times (1600 AD) in the Central Andes at Huaynaputina, Southern Peru

Abstract:

Huaynaputina comprises three vents on the floor of an avalanche caldera open in a deeply eroded stratovolcano located on the eastern edge of a high volcanic plateau. The eruption started on 19 February 1600, lasted at least 17 days and emplaced: (1) a widespread (≥ 85000 km²) pumice-fall deposit about 8 km³ in volume; (2) several thin ash-fall layers; (4) ignimbrites ca. 1 km³ in volume with proximal lag breccia on the caldera's flanks; (3) pyroclastic-surge deposits; (5) a probable co-ignimbrite ash; (6) a crystal-rich airfall deposit; (7) a late ashfall deposit. In addition, secondary ignimbrites, mostly channeled, removed the newly-erupted tephra in the valleys that drain the high plateau. Destructive debris flows swept down the canyon of Tambo river as far as 120 km to the Pacific Ocean.

Año de publicación:

1997

Keywords:

• 1600 AD
• eruption
• Huaynaputina
• Ignimbrite
• impact
• Plinian
• Perú

Fuente:

scopus