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Managing Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus Infections in the Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei): A Systematic Review

Abstract:

Background: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various treatments and strategies for managing infections caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Shrimp aquaculture faces significant challenges from these pathogens, resulting in substantial economic losses. Vibrio species are known for their ability to form biofilms, enhancing their resistance to conventional treatments. Methods: The review follows the PRISMA guidelines, searching Scopus and PubMed databases for relevant studies on antibiotics and plant extracts used against these pathogens. Data were extracted and analysed to assess the effectiveness of different treatments, including antibiotics, plant extracts, and combined therapies. Results: The review found that while antibiotics remain widely used, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains necessitates alternative strategies. Plant extracts, rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, showed promising antimicrobial activity. Combined therapies involving antibiotics and plant extracts were also explored for their potential to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce resistance. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of addressing biofilm formation in managing Vibrio-related infections and highlight the need for further research to develop sustainable and effective treatment protocols for shrimp aquaculture.