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Comparing Small Buccal Dehiscence Defects Treated With or Without Guided Bone Regeneration: A Subanalysis of an RCT

Abstract:

This analysis aimed to assess clinical and radiographic outcomes of single-tooth posterior implants with a dehiscence defect treated with or without guided bone regeneration (GBR). In a randomized clinical trial of 59 patients, single-tooth posterior implants were placed. For the subanalysis of 16 patients with a buccal dehiscence defect (≤ 5 mm), the implants were randomly assigned to GBR or spontaneous healing (SH). In 8 patients, the implants were surrounded by native bone. A transmucosal healing approach was chosen for all sites. Patients were examined at restoration delivery (RD) and at 1 year, and the following measurements were included: soft tissue thickness (STT), bone tissue thickness (BTT), and buccal contour, based on CBCT imaging, optical scans, and clinical parameters. All data were analyzed descriptively. The mean STT at the implant shoulder (IS) showed gains of 0.15 mm (Q1: –0.16 mm, Q3: 0.49 mm) for the GBR group and 0.03 mm (Q1: –0.49 mm, Q3: 0.13 mm) for the SH group. The mean BBT at 1 mm below the IS showed losses of 0.25 mm (Q1: –0.85 mm, Q3: –0.09 mm) for the GBR group and 0.04 mm (Q1: –0.14 mm, Q3: 0.17 mm) for the SH group. All peri-implant soft tissue parameters indicated healthy peri-implant tissues with no clinically relevant differences between the groups. Patient-reported outcomes regarding pain at 1 day postsurgery were similar among the study groups. The present subanalysis resulted in a similar buccal contour, radiographic outcomes, and peri-implant health for sites treated with or without GBR.