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Burden of disease due to tuberculosis in Ecuador, between 2018-2022

Abstract:

Background: More than 1.7 billion people worldwide are infected with tuberculosis (TB). Burden of disease studies are essential to understand the magnitude and impact of this disease on the population. Aim: To estimate the burden of TB disease and its geographical distribution in Ecuador during the period 2018-2022. Methods: A descriptive, multi-group ecological study was conducted to estimate and analyze the burden of TB disease in Ecuador, using the National Institute of Statistics and Census’ database of general deaths and population projections for the years 2018-2022. Disability-adjusted life years, mortality, and their geographic distribution in Ecuador were estimated. Results: There were 1,797 deaths in men, 74.1% of the total deaths, while 627 deaths in women were recorded, representing 25.9% of the total deaths from TB. Pulmonary TB caused the most deaths. The national mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants was 2.80, with a higher mortality rate estimated in Guayas, El Oro and Los Ríos. As a result, 69,860.5 disability-adjusted life years were lost. Conclusions: Ecuador experienced a substantial loss of disability-adjusted life years due to TB. Additionally, there were significant differences in both mortality and incidence rates between genders, with higher mortality observed in the provinces of the coastal region.