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Implementation of a 2.4 GHz Biquad Antenna for a Microwave and Antenna Laboratory

Abstract:

This paper presents the results obtained from the process of design, simulation, optimization, fabrication and characterization of a 2.4 GHz Biquad antenna. The design stage includes the application of the corresponding theory for this type of antennas, in order to calculate the dimensions. By means of simulation and optimization with HFSS, the dimensions were corrected before moving on to the manufacturing stage. The characterization stage was carried out by means of measurements performed with VNA equipment. Additionally, measurements were performed with a WiFi modem, where the difference in coverage between the antenna of the equipment manufacturer and the Biquad antenna implemented in this work could be compared. The results obtained showed that the theoretical calculations served as a starting point to determine the approximate dimensions of the antenna. However, a process of optimization of the dimensions was necessary. After the implementation and characterization of the antenna with the VNA equipment, it was found that the radiation characteristics of the antenna, such as: reflection coefficient, impedance, gain and SWR, are adequate for its use in the frequency band proposed. In addition, this design can be considered for any other frequency, since the antenna dimensions depend on the wavelength.