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Measurement of strength of association between accelerated HIV/Aids progression and prior COVID-19 diagnosis

Abstract:

Introduction: Among the groups susceptible to the COVID-19 pandemic, people with HIV/AIDS emerge as one of the most potentially vulnerable groups. Objective: The objective of the study was to measure the strength of the association between accelerated progression of HIV/AIDS and previous diagnosis of COVID-19 in patients in the city of Ibarra, Ecuador. Methods: The study corresponded to the relational level with cohort design and calculation of the Relative Risk (Odds ratio) as the probability of having an accelerated progression of HIV to AIDS in a population that was exposed by a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, with respect to a population that did not have that exposure. This was an observational, longitudinal, analytical and prospective study conducted with 56 patients from the Ecuadorian city of Ibarra. Results: Of a total of 28 patients with a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, 23 (82.1 %) had accelerated progression from HIV to AIDS, while the other 5 (17.9 %) did not have such progression. Of the other 28 who did not have a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, only 10 (35.7 %) had accelerated progression from HIV to AIDS and the remaining 18 (64.3 %) did not. The chi-square value was 12.469 with 1 degree of freedom and a bilateral asymptotic significance of less than 0.001. The Relative Risk was: OR = 8.280 (95 % CI: 2.401 to 28.558). Conclusions: It was evidenced that having a previous diagnosis of COVID-19 is a risk factor for having an accelerated progression from HIV to AIDS.