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Behçet's disease in an ecuadorian patient: presentation of a case report

Abstract:

Introduction: Behçet's disease is a rare autoimmune disorder characterised by recurrent vascular inflammation. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyse in detail the clinical case of an Ecuadorian patient diagnosed with Behçet's disease, focusing on the presentation of symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and evolution of the patient. Methods: A case study was conducted in a 51-year-old patient from Ecuador, diagnosed with Behçet's disease. Results: The patient's initial clinical presentation was characterised by painful aphthous ulcers, cutaneous manifestations, and ophthalmological symptoms, reflecting the diversity of systems affected by this vasculitis. The detection of family history and the link to COVID-19 underlined the complexity of the contributing factors and highlighted the importance of considering multiple aspects when approaching this disease. Diagnosis of Behçet's disease proved to be a significant challenge, given the variety in clinical presentation and the need to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms. Interdisciplinary collaboration between ophthalmologists, urologists and dermatologists, supported by diagnostic tests such as Patergia testing and HLA-B51 allele verification, was crucial to confirm the diagnosis and ensure comprehensive and accurate management. Conclusions: The implemented treatment, tailored to the patient's specific symptoms, proved effective in controlling the disease. Colchicine and Azathioprine, together with corticosteroids and specific ophthalmological treatments, contributed to significant improvement of skin lesions, ocular symptoms and other systemic aspects.