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Phytochemical and antioxidant comparison of Coriandrum Sativum L. (cilantro) leaf extracts

Abstract:

Introduction: Coriandrum sativum L. is used for its medicinal properties and as a food condiment. It is grown in different geographical areas and conditions that can influence its chemical composition and medicinal or nutritional potential. Objective: To compare the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of Coriandrum sativum L. leaf extracts from different geographical origins and growing conditions. Methods: Hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of leaves with different origins and growing conditions were analyzed. Chemical studies were carried out using high-efficiency liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detectors and mass spectrometer. The quantification of total phenols was performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant capacity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil was determined by mean inhibitory concentration and kinetics of the reaction. Results: Chemical analysis by high-efficiency liquid chromatography allowed to establish chromatographic similarities between studied samples and identify 6 amino acids and 13 phenolic compounds. The results of the determination of phenol concentration and antioxidant capacity showed differences between the types of extracts and the samples tested, although high values were found in all cases. In most of the samples, antioxidant activity could not be correlated with phenol content, but differences in the kinetics of the antioxidant reaction could be observed. Conclusions: Chemical studies allowed the identification of amino acids and phenolic compounds. The determination of the antioxidant capacity developed allowed us to establish that, despite the differences detected between the samples, all of them presented a high antioxidant activity.