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Post-vaccination maternal care in infants under two years of age

Abstract:

Introduction: The study examines the knowledge and practices of mothers about post-vaccination care in infants under 2 years of age in Loja, Ecuador, given the low immunization coverage. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional, analytical with 315 mothers using a validated questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: 79% of mothers apply post-vaccine care. The most common practices: use of paracetamol, medicinal plants and physical means. Significant associations were found between sociodemographic variables and care practices. Discussions: The findings complement previous studies on factors associated with immunization practices by providing a detailed analysis of specific care. It highlights the coexistence of traditional and modern practices. Conclusions: Post-vaccination care practices are significantly influenced by sociodemographic factors, with a notable integration of traditional and modern knowledge. The need for adapted educational programs to improve knowledge about evidence-based practices is evident. For nursing, these findings highlight the importance of providing specific education on the management of vaccine side effects and the need to consider the sociocultural context in care. Nursing professionals should focus on promoting safe and effective practices, adapting their interventions to the socioeconomic realities of families.