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CO2 emissions during the 2023 Litli Hrútur eruption in Reykjanes, Iceland: ẟ13C tracks magma degassing

Abstract:

We report CO<inf>2</inf> emission rates and plume δ<sup>13</sup>C during the July 2023 eruption at Litli Hrútur in the Fagradalsfjall region of the Reykjanes Peninsula. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission rates were measured by UAV utilizing a new method of data extrapolation that enables obtaining rapid flux results of dynamic eruption plumes. The δ<sup>13</sup>C values are consistent with degassing-induced isotopic fractionation of the magma during and after the eruption. Our results show that rapid, real-time CO<inf>2</inf> flux measurements coupled with isotopic values of samples collected at the same time provide key insights into the dynamics of volcanic eruptions and have the potential of forecasting the termination of activity.