Regresar

Características clínico-epidemiológicas del dengue con signos de alarma y dengue grave

Abstract:

Introduction: Dengue is an infectious disease of viral origin, caused by Dengue Virus, any of its 4 serotypes (DENV1-DENV2-DENV3-DENV4). Transmitted by the bite of the female mosquito of the genus Aedes. It goes through three phases, febrile, critical and convalescence, after the incubation period of 3-7 days. The clinical presentation is varied, the WHO classifies it as: dengue without warning signs (DwoWS), dengue with warning signs (DwWS) and severe dengue (SD). Objective: To establish the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of DwWS and SD in patients from the “Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante and Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña during 2017-2019. Methodology: Research work with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional, observational, analytical and correlational. Results: It was evidenced in 226 cases studied, that the DwWS was more frequent 79.6%, followed by SD 11.1% and DwoWS 9.3%. In the epidemiological characterization, the female sex predominated, age group 5-18 years, urban origin, primary education, normal weight, without comorbidities, without a history of dengue, or consumption of NSAIDs. In the clinical characterization, abdominal pain and vomiting prevail, in laboratory alterations an increase in transaminases 83.7%, a reduction in platelets 67.9% and an increase in hematocrit 11.8%. The SD reflected a different profile, male sex, consumption of NSAIDs with symptoms of abdominal pain and fluid accumulation, its most frequent presentation was organ dysfunction. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association with 95% probability, between NSAID consumption, abdominal pain and fluid accumulation, with the development of SD.