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Características de la prueba intradermocutánea positivas en pacientes con dermatosis atendidos en la Fundación Hogar del Ecuador 2015 – 2016

Abstract:

Introduction: The intradermocutaneous test is a test consisting of placing drops of the antigenic extract on the skin of the anterior forearm, after which a scraping with a lancet is performed on the drop (1) (2). Screening method for patients with clinical manifestations that suggest allergy, its purpose is to detect the possible atopic basis in the pathology to be studied that will help us to focus the diagnosis (3). General Objective: To determine the characteristics of the intradermocutaneous test in dermatological diseases in patients treated at the home foundation during the 2015-2016 period. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective study that determined the characteristics of the intradermocutaneous test in patients with dermatosis treated at the home foundation of Ecuador 2015-2016. A review of 180 clinical histories of the patients was performed, collecting data referring to the diseases dermatological disorders such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and urticaria, and of which the intradermocutaneous test was performed with positivity; for the analysis of the data was worked with the statistical program version 23.00 and Excel 2013, using the descriptive statistics, frequencies and percentages. Results: The total of positive cases analyzed, by means of the technique of prick test or intradermocutaneous test were of 181 patients, the dermatosis predominate in the female sex with 60.2%, the ages between 3 to 20 years is the group with dermatosis with greater positivity to the test, with a greater frequency in the urban sector with 71.8%, in terms of dermatosis 24.3% are due to inhalant allergens, and the most frequent dermatosis was urticaria with a frequency of 60.2% of the total of dermatosis evidenced. Conclusions: Based on data reported in the study, it was determined that the total number of positive cases analyzed by the intradermocutaneous test was 181 patients, with a higher positivity of the test in the female sex, the age with the highest percentage of positivity was the group from 3 to 20 years, with a greater frequency in the urban sector, the relationship between dermatosis and allergens was greater with inhalant allergens, and the dermatosis with greater positivity was urticaria.987