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Cardioatherogenic factors and cardiovascular risk in hospitalized type 2 diabetics

Abstract:

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To identify the association between cardioatherogenic factors and the estimated risk of development of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetics. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Teaching Territorial Hospital “Dr. Julio Miguel Aristegui Villamil” of Cárdenas City, from January to May 2017. The sample consisted of 114 diabetics. Results: The age group of 60 to 69 years prevailed for both sexes, being more frequent the feminine one (56.14%). The cardiovascular risk factors that prevailed were overweight and obesity (88.60%), age (83.33%) and hypercholesterolemia (75.44%); with greater affectation in women. Smoking habit (63.16%) predominated in males (47.37%). The highest systolic blood pressure figures were found in smokers (43.85%) in the range of 140-159 mmHg (24.56%). There was a greater predominance of diabetics with moderate cardiovascular risk (35.96%) and high risk (26.32%). 23.68% of smokers presented a high risk and 21.05% classified as moderate. Conclusions: Relationship between systolic blood pressure, smoking, overweight and obesity as cardioathogenic risk factors associated with diabetes was showed. Type 2 diabetics present global cardiovascular risk between moderate and high, while in smokers the risk is higher.