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Cardiovascular risk in schoolchildren from parish Santa Rosalia of Caracas, Venezuela

Abstract:

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for over 17.3 million deaths every year1. In Venezuela in 2011, it was among the top 3 causes of death2. There are risk factors that will allow us to pbkp_redict the chances of people in developing cardiovascular disease. The detection of CVD risk is an important issue for creating approach and clinical management guidelines for this set of conditions3; however, most of the studies are focused on children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, although there is a significant prevalence of CDV risk factors in children with normal weight and non obese4. Objective: To establish the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in children from 1st to 3rd grade in Gran Colombia School. Santa Rosalia Parish, Dtto Capital. Caracas, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative and cross field study. Which was done within a sample of 85 children from 1st to 3rd grade of Gran Colombia School, they are healthy, with no history of diseases. The following type variables were collected: Personal (age and gender); Anthropometric (weight, height, waist circumference, triceps fold, ICM sub scapular fold; size-I-circumference index SCI); Clinics (blood pressure); Personal and family history (arterial hypertension, diabetes, overweight and obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia); Biochemical (insulin, glycaemia, total and fractionated cholesterol, triglycerides); Food consumption (by using a critic food frequency consumption questionnaire taking into account the food groups)and Physical activity The STATISCA® version 8.1 program was used for statistical analysis, It allowed to characterize. Results: The 16.47% of the children tested showed CVD risk; when linking the risk with every one of the studied variables through a logistic regression model, we found p<0.05 relation with: weigth, height, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, a personal history of overweight, insulin, glucose, triglycerides and VLDL. In a second logistic regression procedure using the above variables together it was found that the significant variables associated with CVD risk were: systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The variables that influence CVD risk are related to lifestyles; to acquire better ways of living at early ages as school age could have great benefits in the early prevention of CVD.