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Cardiovascular risk in schoolchildren from parish Santa Rosalia of Caracas, Venezuela

Abstract:

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for over 17.3 million deaths every year1. In Venezuela in 2011, it was among the top 3 causes of death2. There are risk factors that will allow us to predict the chances of people in developing cardiovascular disease. The detection of CVD risk is an important issue for creating approach and clinical management guidelines for this set of conditions3; however, most of the studies are focused on children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, although there is a significant prevalence of CDV risk factors in children with normal weight and non obese4. Objective: To establish the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in children from 1st to 3rd grade in Gran Colombia School. Santa Rosalia Parish, Dtto Capital. Caracas, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative and cross field study. Which was done within a sample of 85 children from 1st to 3rd grade of Gran Colombia School, they are healthy, with no history of diseases. The following type variables were collected: Personal (age and gender); Anthropometric (weight, height, waist circumference, triceps fold, ICM sub scapular fold; size-I-circumference index SCI); Clinics (blood pressure); Personal and family history (arterial hypertension, diabetes, overweight and obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia); Biochemical (insulin, glycaemia, total and fractionated cholesterol, triglycerides); Food consumption (by using a critic food frequency consumption questionnaire taking into account the food groups)and Physical activity The STATISCA® version 8.1 program was used for statistical analysis, It allowed to characterize. Results: The 16.47% of the children tested showed CVD risk; when linking the risk with every one of the studied variables through a logistic regression model, we found p<0.05 relation with: weigth, height, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, a personal history of overweight, insulin, glucose, triglycerides and VLDL. In a second logistic regression procedure using the above variables together it was found that the significant variables associated with CVD risk were: systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The variables that influence CVD risk are related to lifestyles; to acquire better ways of living at early ages as school age could have great benefits in the early prevention of CVD.