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Care of the newborn that requires exanguine transfusion

Abstract:

Exchange transfusion is a procedure indicated for jaundice in the newborn. When this disease worsens, it cannot be controlled by phototherapy, which is why it is necessary to apply this technique to eliminate components of the blood recognized as abnormal in newborns. The objective was aimed at developing a nursing care plan for the newborn who requires exchange transfusion treated in the neonatology area at the IESS Latacunga Basic Hospital. The research modality was quali-quantitative, with a cross-sectional, non-experimental and field design, the sample consisted of 5 nurses from the Neonatology area, to whom a survey was applied to determine their level of knowledge. The main results obtained were that 57% of newborns are female, who presented the disease in 48 hours. Among the main factors that influence the development of jaundice, it was found that 29% depends on the form and type of breastfeeding, 29% blood type and 29% prematurity. Regarding the knowledge of nursing professionals, it was evidenced that 40% know that exchange transfusion is performed when phototherapy does not work, showing that there is a percentage who are not clear about the procedure.