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Characterization of Biodegradable Nonwoven with Coconut Shell Fibers “Cocos nucifera” and Natural Latex for Application in Floating Root Hydroponic Crops

Abstract:

The aim of this research was to produce 100% biodegradable non-woven with natural coconut fiber (CF) “Cocos nucifera” employing natural latex (NL) and characterize it to apply as a flotation medium for plant support in floating root hydroponic crops. The procedure employed was by mean of chemical impregnation of natural latex (NL) to form the non-woven, applying two impregnation ratios 1:1 and 1:2, for weights (W) (M1) 636.16 (M2) 825.89 (M3) 1238.84 (M4) 1540.18 g/m2 (CV = 38.38) obtaining 4 samples dried at 37 ℃. Parameters of tensile strength (TS) (CV = 62.23), elongation (E) (CV = 21.01), vertical moisture absorption (MAV) (CV = 0), drying (DT) (CV = 27.42) and evaporated water time (EWT) (CV = 40.94) were tested. The data provided a reliability of 95% (p > 0.05) using the Past 4 statistical software. sample 4 (M4) has the maximum tensile strength (TS) 105.52 N, sample one (M1) obtained a longer drying time 262 min at 37 ℃ and no sample presents relevant vertical absorption (MA). To be applied in Hydroponic crops, sample 3 (M3) is considered the best because it has significant characteristics such as 49.76 N of tensile strength (TS) and 206 min of drying (DT), with total dry weight 1238.84 g/m2 of non-woven of coconut fiber (CF) required for its application.