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Climate change: Effect on reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases

Abstract:

EI climate change is a recognized threat whose impacts are occurring at multiple levels and has resulted in the establishment of conducive to the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases epidemiological scenarios. In order to evaluate the influence of climate change on the presentation of infectious diseases in EI climate change is a recognized global threat, whose impacts are occurring at multiple levels, resulting a new and proper scenario to the establishment the emergence and reemergence infectious diseases. In order to evaluate the influence of climate change on the presentation of infectious diseases in domestic animals, a descriptive statistical analysis was performed by comparing the epidemiological situation in the Sancti Spíritus province at the end of 2008 - begining of 2009, and the end of 2013.The evolution of average annual temperature and rainfall from registers from four weather stations in the region in the period were evaluated and related with epidemiological situation previously described. Research was divided into two directions: i) the collection of epidemiological data (focal and mortality) and ii) the propensity of the physical environment (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and infestation by rodents). The results show significant increases values of the annual average temperature between 2013 and the rest of the years under study. Relative humidity and rainfall in the period, mainly in 2012 were also increased significativily. During the period new diseases, besides those already reported, they do not appear, but there is an increased number of outbreaks and mortality from disease such as, Pasteurellosis, Anaplasmosis, and Fasciolosis in cattle, equine Lymphadenitis, Coccidiosis in rabbits, were observed. Migration to human ecosystems by rodents were evidenced by increasing percentage of annual averages of infected human ecosystems. It was concluded, that for 5 years ecosystems evolved as a result of climate change, rising temperatures, rains and flooding, spreading of disease and aggressive properties of etiologic agent, were increased, so a detailed study of these diseases patterns is recommended using pbkp_redictive modeling approaches, because preparation for climate change and its consequences is vital; to assume with responsibly. Domestic animals a comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation in the province of Sancti Spiritus at the end of 2009 and 2013 is performed comparatively. The results show increases in the values of the average annual temperature, relative humidity and rainfall in the period, new diseases do not appear in addition to those already reported but an increase of the focal of pasteurellosis, anaplasmosis is manifested, and Fasciolosis in cattle, Equine Infectious anemia, Coccidiosis in rabbits and classical swine fever in pigs, following the occurrence of weather events.