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Clinical-biochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients from the Ecuadorian social security Institute of Pastaza, Ecuador

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and biochemical characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute of Pastaza, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) evaluated in primary health care centers of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security, from Mera, Santa Clara and Pastaza cantons in the province of Pastaza during the period August 2018 to August 2019, data such as: Sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, psychobiological habits, years with T2DM, fasting blood glucose, body mass index classification, presence of high blood pressure, dyslipidemias, and chronic complications were evaluated. Results: Out of the 81 patients evaluated, 75.3% were female, with a predominance of subjects aged 70 years or older (50.6%), from the mixed ethnic group (44.4%), from the socioeconomic level V level (91.4%), 4.9% had an alcoholic habit, 2.5% a tobacco habit and 55.6% a sedentary lifestyle. The majority (72.8%) had <10 years of evolution with T2DM, 30.9% had basal blood glucose values >180 mg/dL, 37.1% had obesity, 40.7% had high blood pressure, 44.4% had high triglycerides, 35.8% had high LDL-C, and 70.4% had low HDL-C. The most frequent chronic complications were diabetic neuropathy (28.4%) and diabetic foot (19.8%). Conclusion: T2DM patients who attended the primary health care centers of the Pastaza province, show a high frequency of comorbidities and chronic complications.