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Clinical-demographic characterization and bacterial resistance of urinary tract infections in the Paute Basic Hospital, Azuay - Ecuador

Abstract:

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are amongst the most prevalent infectious pathologies worldwide. The use of antibiotic therapy as treatment has been widely described, especially because the etiology of these infections tends to be of bacterial origin. However, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics can cause the development of bacterial resistance. The pattern of resistance for Escherichia coli is of special interest considering that it is the most frequent cause worldwide. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was performed in 67 hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection in the Paute Basic Hospital. Azuay-Ecuador, during the period from 2015 to 2016. All patients who had a microbiological culture report were taken into account. The data was presented in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: The prevalence of urinary tract infections was higher in women than in men with 92.5%, with the age group of 20 to 29 years old being the one with the greater number of cases (32.8%). The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain with 47.8%; fever 40.3% and dysuria 40.3%. The most frequent etiopathological agent was Escherichia coli, it being responsible for 44.8% of the cases. The antibiotics to which this bacteria was most resistant were di-cloxacillin (100%), ampicillin (95.2%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (81%). Amongst the ones to which the bacteria was less resistant there was gentamicin (37.5%), amikacin (37.5%) and meropenem (0%). Conclusion: Consistent with the reports worldwide, Escherichia coli was the main etiological agent for urinary tract infections in our population. There was a greater resistance to widely used antibiotic such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Therefore, it is necessary to consider new therapeutic alternatives for these type of infections.