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Comparative Analysis of the Dispersion Parameters of a Microstrip Antenna for the 57–64, 64–71 and 71–76 GHz Bands

Abstract:

This article details the design and simulation of rectangular patch-type microstrip antennas that operate in millimeter wave band. Three resonance frequencies are used: 60, 67 and 74 GHz. The simulation was made in Ansys HFSS software to achieve the results of reflection coefficient (S11 ), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and radiation pattern. The modeling of each antenna was made with the mathematical expressions that define a microstrip antenna. First, three antennas were created using only the dimensions obtained with mathematical calculus, but the results of S11 and VSWR were not optimal (for example: VSWR was <1 in each case). For this reason, in each model, it was necessary to make changes to all parameters, achieving a reflection coefficient in values between −20 and −30 dB, a VSWR between 1 and 2, and establishing the characteristics of each gap for each dimension of the antennas designed mathematically versus antennas designed with adjustment factors. Results indicate that there is a proportional and not proportional correlation between the frequency and these gaps, which denotes a real difference in the behavior of each parameter in the mathematical designs versus the fitted designs.