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Complications in neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To determine the main complications experienced by neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy attended at the University Hospital of Guayaquil, Ecuador. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out in neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy attended at the University Hospital of Guayaquil, Ecuador, between January 2019 and December 2020. Inclusion criteria: neonates born to mothers with gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia. Exclusion criteria: multiple pregnancies and chronic arterial hypertension. Study variables: mothers' age, parity, occupation, prenatal control visits, blood pressure, type of feeding, folic acid intake or not, coexistence of other diseases. The SPSS.V16 SYSTAT statistical system was used. RESULTS: 1383 neonates were gathered and 490 children of mothers with hypertensive disorders were registered. In relation to complications 56% of the neonates had neonatal depression, 44% were small for gestational age, 32% were preterm and 23% had respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of preeclampsia in the Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil is high; 35.4% of the neonates were born to mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This percentage may be related to extreme maternal age, poor prenatal control and concomitant diseases.